Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
https://www.actalb.org/article/doi/10.1590/S2179-975X6821
Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
Original Article

Density effect of Polygonum ferrugineum Wedd. (Polygonaceae) and nutrients concentration of sediment on establishment of Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb. (Amaranthaceae)

Efeito da densidade de Polygonum ferrugineum Weed. (Polygonaceae) e da concentração de nutrientes no sedimento sobre estabelecimento de Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb. (Amaranthaceae)

Abner José de Souza Vicente; Leticia Figueiredo Candido; Márcio José Silveira; Karina Fidanza

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Abstract

Abstract: Aim: The effects of neighbor’s species density and nutrient availability in the sediment are essential to understand the structuring rules of emergent macrophyte communities. The objective of this paper was to investigate how the density of Polygonum ferrugineum and the availability of nutrients in the sediment influence the establishment of Alternanthera philoxeroides.

Methods: After collection, we sectioned the stems of each species so that each propagule obtained was composed of two nodes. These propagules were planted in trays with moist sediment for rooting and development of new leaves for 24 days, and only then were transferred to the experimental mesocosms. Our experimental design had an A. philoxeroides propagule submitted to the following treatments: I – control (planted alone); II – associated with three P. ferrugineum propagules; III – associated with five P. ferrugineum propagules. There were 36 mesocosms arranged inside the greenhouse, with half of them representing conditions of low nutrient availability and half representing conditions of high nutrient availability (with 12.5 g of NPK in the sediment). The experiment lasted 60 days, and the following response variables were measured: aerial length, root length, aerial, root and total dry biomass. The response variables related to biomass were obtained after the plants were dried in an oven at 60°C. We also calculated the relative interaction index (RII) for each treatment, in order to analyze the interactions between the species. Each response variable was analyzed using a two-way ANOVA.

Results: Among the main results obtained, we can highlight the lower accumulation of biomass in A. philoxeroides under conditions of low nutrient availability and high density of P. ferrugineum.

Conclusions: These results indicate the negative effects of P. ferrugineum density on the establishment of A. philoxeroides, contributing to the understanding of the dynamics and structuring rules of the emergent macrophyte community.

Keywords

interspecific competition, neighbors’ species, emergent macrophytes, experiment in a greenhouse, relative interaction index

Resumo

Resumo: Objetivo: Os efeitos da densidade de espécies vizinhas e da disponibilidade de nutrientes no sedimento são essenciais para compreender as regras de estruturação de comunidades de macrófitas emergentes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar como a densidade de Polygonum ferrugineum e a disponibilidade de nutrientes no sedimento influenciam o estabelecimento de Alternanthera philoxeroides.

Métodos: Após a coleta, seccionamos os caules de cada espécie de modo que cada propágulo obtido fosse composto de dois nós. Esses propágulos foram plantados em bandejas com sedimento úmido para o enraizamento e desenvolvimento de novas folhas por 24 dias e, só então foram transferidos para os mesocosmos experimentais. Nosso delineamento experimental contou com um propágulo de A. philoxeroides submetido aos seguintes tratamentos: I – controle (plantado sozinho); II – associado com três propágulos de P. ferrugineum; III – associado a cinco propágulos de P. ferrugineum. Houve 36 mesocosmos dispostos dentro da casa de vegetação, com metades deles representando condições de baixa disponibilidade de nutrientes e metade representando condições de alta disponibilidade de nutrientes (com 12,5 g de NPK no sedimento). O experimento durou 60 dias, sendo medido as seguintes variáveis respostas: comprimento aéreo, comprimento da raiz e biomassa seca da parte aérea, raiz e total. As variáveis respostas relacionadas a biomassa foram obtidas após as plantas secarem em estufa a 60°C. Também calculamos o índice de interação relativa (RII) para cada tratamento, com o intuito de analisar as interações entre as espécies. Cada variável resposta foi analisada através de uma Anova two-way.

Resultados: Entre os principais resultados obtidos, pode-se destacar o menor acumulo de biomassa em A. philoxeroides em condições de baixa disponibilidade de nutrientes e de alta densidade de P. ferrugineum.

Conclusões: Esses resultados indicam os efeitos negativos da densidade de P. ferrugineum sobre o estabelecimento de A. philoxeroides, contribuindo para a compreensão da dinâmica e das regras de estruturação da comunidade de macrófitas emergentes.
 

Palavras-chave

competição interespecífica, espécies vizinhas, macrófitas emergentes, experimento em casa de vegetação, índice de interação relativa

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Submitted date:
11/06/2021

Accepted date:
02/02/2022

Publication date:
04/28/2022

626a9596a9539537e44046b5 alb Articles
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